Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2007) - American Samoa (2005)

Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2007) z American Samoa (2005)

	Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2007)	American Samoa (2005)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (territory of the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are three districts and two islands* at the second order; Eastern, Manu'a, Rose Island, Swains Island, Western
Age structure	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA	0-14 years: 35.7% (male 10,705/female 9,956) 15-64 years: 61.3% (male 18,351/female 17,125) 65 years and over: 3% (male 664/female 1,080) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products	fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products; fish, squid	bananas, coconuts, vegetables, taro, breadfruit, yams, copra, pineapples, papayas; dairy products, livestock
Airports	6 (2007)	3 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007)	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 4 under 914 m: 4 (2007)	total: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 12,173 sq km land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands	total: 199 sq km land: 199 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Rose Island and Swains Island
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Connecticut	slightly larger than Washington, DC
Background	Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced an Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982.	Settled as early as 1000 B.C., Samoa was "discovered" by European explorers in the 18th century. International rivalries in the latter half of the 19th century were settled by an 1899 treaty in which Germany and the US divided the Samoan archipelago. The US formally occupied its portion - a smaller group of eastern islands with the excellent harbor of Pago Pago - the following year.
Birth rate	NA	23.13 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget	revenues: $66.2 million expenditures: $67.9 million (FY98/99 est.)	revenues: $121 million (37% in local revenue and 63% in US grants) expenditures: $127 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY96/97)
Capital	name: Stanley geographic coordinates: 51 42 S, 57 51 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins first Sunday in September; ends third Sunday in April	Pago Pago
Climate	cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate	tropical marine, moderated by southeast trade winds; annual rainfall averages about 3 m; rainy season from November to April, dry season from May to October; little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline	1,288 km	116 km
Constitution	3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998	ratified 2 June 1966, effective 1 July 1967
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)	conventional long form: Territory of American Samoa conventional short form: American Samoa abbreviation: AS
Death rate	NA	3.33 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	$NA
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina	unincorporated and unorganized territory of the US; administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (territory of the US)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (territory of the US)
Disputes - international	Argentina, which claims the islands in its constitution and briefly occupied them by force in 1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force; UK continues to reject Argentine requests for sovereignty talks	none
Economic aid - recipient	$0 (1997 est.)	important financial support from the US, more than $40 million in 1994
Economy - overview	The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falkland Islands' exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which help support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date, no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost.	This is a traditional Polynesian economy in which more than 90% of the land is communally owned. Economic activity is strongly linked to the US, with which American Samoa conducts most of its foreign trade. Tuna fishing and tuna processing plants are the backbone of the private sector, with canned tuna the primary export. Transfers from the US Government add substantially to American Samoa's economic well-being. Attempts by the government to develop a larger and broader economy are restrained by Samoa's remote location, its limited transportation, and its devastating hurricanes. Tourism is a promising developing sector.
Electricity - consumption	14.88 million kWh (2005)	120.9 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production	16 million kWh (2005)	130 million kWh (2002)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Lata 966 m
Environment - current issues	overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the 1986 Chornobyl disaster	limited natural fresh water resources; the water division of the government has spent substantial funds in the past few years to improve water catchments and pipelines
Ethnic groups	British	native Pacific islander 92.9%, Asian 2.9%, white 1.2%, mixed 2.8%, other 0.2% (2000 census)
Exchange rates	Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.5434 (2006), 0.5504 (2005), 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003), 0.6672 (2002) note: the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound	the US dollar is used
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor Alan HUCKLE (since 25 August 2006); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since March 2003); note - Dr. Tim THOROGOOD will assume the position of Chief Executive in January 2008 cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch	chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001) and Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001) head of government: Governor Togiola TULAFONO (since 7 April 2003) cabinet: cabinet made up of 12 department directors elections: US president and vice president elected on the same ticket for four-year terms; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 2 and 16 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008) election results: Togiola TULAFONO elected governor; percent of vote - Togiola TULAFONO 55.7%, Afoa Moega LUTU 44.3%
Exports	NA bbl/day	NA
Exports - commodities	wool, hides, meat, fish, squid	canned tuna 93%
Exports - partners	Spain 81.9%, US 6%, UK 4.5% (2006)	Samoa 39.8%, Australia 19.9%, Japan 15.1%, New Zealand 10.5% (2004)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	1 October - 30 September
Flag description	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising was once the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT	blue, with a white triangle edged in red that is based on the outer side and extends to the hoist side; a brown and white American bald eagle flying toward the hoist side is carrying two traditional Samoan symbols of authority, a staff and a war club
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 95% industry: NA% services: NA% (1996)	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $8,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	NA
Geographic coordinates	51 45 S, 59 00 W	14 20 S, 170 00 W
Geography - note	deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season	Pago Pago has one of the best natural deepwater harbors in the South Pacific Ocean, sheltered by shape from rough seas and protected by peripheral mountains from high winds; strategic location in the South Pacific Ocean
Highways	-	total: 185 km paved: 185 km unpaved: 0 km (2004)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	NA bbl/day	NA
Imports - commodities	fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing	materials for canneries 56%, food 8%, petroleum products 7%, machinery and parts 6%
Imports - partners	UK 72.5%, US 15.1%, Netherlands 8.5% (2006)	Japan 31.4%, New Zealand 27.9%, Germany 17.1%, Australia 8.9% (2004)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (territory of the US)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	fish and wool processing; tourism	tuna canneries (largely supplied by foreign fishing vessels), handicrafts
Infant mortality rate	total: NA male: NA female: NA	total: 9.27 deaths/1,000 live births male: 9.85 deaths/1,000 live births female: 8.65 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.6% (1998)	NA%
International organization participation	ICFTU, UPU	Interpol (subbureau), IOC, UPU
Irrigated land	NA	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction	High Court (chief justice and associate justices are appointed by the US Secretary of the Interior)
Labor force	1,724 (est.) (1996)	14,000 (1996)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing) industry and services: 5% (1996)	tuna canneries 34%, government 33%, other 33% (1990)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (2005)	arable land: 10% permanent crops: 15% other: 75% (2001)
Languages	English	Samoan 90.6% (closely related to Hawaiian and other Polynesian languages), English 2.9%, Tongan 2.4%, other Pacific islander 2.1%, other 2% note: most people are bilingual (2000 census)
Legal system	English common law	NA
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats; 2 members are ex officio and 8 are elected by popular vote; to serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor elections: last held 17 November 2005 (next to be held in November 2009) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 8	bicameral Fono or Legislative Assembly consists of the House of Representatives (21 seats - 20 of which are elected by popular vote and 1 is an appointed, nonvoting delegate from Swains Island; members serve two-year terms) and the Senate (18 seats; members are elected from local chiefs and serve four-year terms) elections: House of Representatives - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2006); Senate - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008) election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - independents 18 note: American Samoa elects one nonvoting representative to the US House of Representatives; election last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2006); results - Eni F. H. FALEOMAVAEGA (Democrat) reelected as delegate
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA male: NA female: NA	total population: 75.84 years male: 72.27 years female: 79.62 years (2005 est.)
Literacy	NA	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 97% male: 98% female: 97% (1980 est.)
Location	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina	Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and New Zealand
Map references	South America	Oceania
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm continental shelf: 200 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of the US
Military branches	no regular military forces	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	-
National holiday	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)	Flag Day, 17 April (1900)
Nationality	noun: Falkland Islander(s) adjective: Falkland Island	noun: American Samoan(s) adjective: American Samoan
Natural hazards	strong winds persist throughout the year	typhoons common from December to March
Natural resources	fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss	pumice, pumicite
Net migration rate	NA	-20.89 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders	none; all independents	Democratic Party [Oreta M. TOGAFAU]; Republican Party [Tautai A. F. FAALEVAO]
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	NA
Population	3,105 (July 2007 est.)	57,881 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA
Population growth rate	2.44% (2007 est.)	-0.11% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Pago Pago
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides Radio 1 and Radio 2 service) (2006)	AM 3, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2004)
Religions	primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist	Christian Congregationalist 50%, Roman Catholic 20%, Protestant and other 30%
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.62 male(s)/female total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: country code - 500; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries	general assessment: NA domestic: good telex, telegraph, facsimile and cellular telephone services; domestic satellite system with 1 Comsat earth station international: country code - 1-684; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	2,400 (2002)	15,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (2001)	2,377 (1999)
Television broadcast stations	2 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides multi-channel satellite service to members of UK Forces as well as islanders); cable television is available in Stanley (2006)	1; note - one cable TV station (2004)
Terrain	rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains	five volcanic islands with rugged peaks and limited coastal plains, two coral atolls (Rose Island, Swains Island)
Total fertility rate	NA	3.25 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate	full employment; labor shortage (2001)	6% (2000)

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